Impacts of urban tree planting on air temperature and relative humidity in an urban expansion area of Cuiabá-MT

Abstract

This study assesses the impact of tree insertion strategies on air temperature and relative humidity in a section of the eastern urban expansion area of Cuiabá-MT, under conditions of high temperatures and low humidity, aiming to mitigate the adverse effects of urban climate. The research employed the ENVI-met microclimate simulation tool to model blocks and streets with high imperviousness and minimal vegetation during the hot/wet period. Hypothetical scenarios were simulated with trees arranged in blocks to maximise shading and evapotranspiration, and along a street to form a green corridor. The work addresses the gap in quantitative studies on the role of vegetation in improving air temperature and relative humidity in urban expansion areas in Brazil’s Central-West region, highlighting the relevance of nature-based solutions in tropical contexts. The simulations revealed a significant reduction in air temperature during peak hours and an increase in relative humidity, indicating reduced thermal stress with the presence of vegetation. The study provides quantitative data to support sustainable urban planning, validating the application of ENVI-met in tropical climates. The findings support guidelines for more resilient cities, promoting thermal comfort, climate impact mitigation, and healthier urban environments.